Relationship between serum CEACAM1 levels and prognosis and temozolomide chemotherapy sensitivity in patients undergoing neuroendoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection

Pituitary tumors are common intracranial neoplasms with complex pathogenesis. Temozolomide (TMZ) has shown potential in treatment, but its efficacy and related biomarkers require further investigation. This study explores the relationship between serum CEACAM1 levels, prognosis after neuroendoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection, and TMZ sensitivity. A retrospective analysis of 70 patients who underwent surgery from 2020 to 2022 was conducted. Patients were classified into high- and low-CEACAM1 groups. Baseline characteristics showed no significant differences (P>0.05). After six months, patients with poor prognosis had significantly higher preoperative CEACAM1 levels (P<0.05). TMZ-resistant patients also had elevated levels (P<0.05). The AUC of preoperative CEACAM1 for predicting prognosis was 0.716 (cutoff: 5857.5 pg/mL), and for TMZ resistance was 0.742 (cutoff: 6431 pg/mL). High preoperative CEACAM1 levels are associated with poor prognosis and TMZ resistance, serving as a potential biomarker to guide clinical evaluation and treatment.