Risk factors associated with postpartum glucose intolerance in gestational diabetes mellitus patients: A meta-analysis study

Women, especially those with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), are at increased risk for abnormal glucose tolerance during and after pregnancy. Identifying the risk factors for postpartum glucose intolerance is crucial for effective prevention. This meta-analysis reviewed 8 relevant studies to identify key factors associated with postpartum glucose intolerance in women with GDM. The analysis found that a history of GDM, elevated body mass index (BMI), and insulin use during pregnancy are significant risk factors for postpartum glucose intolerance. Specifically, the odds ratio for GDM history was 0.877 (95% CI: 0.122, 1.633; P = 0.023), for BMI it was 1.083 (95% CI: 1.039, 1.128; P < 0.0001), and for insulin use during pregnancy it was 2.704 (95% CI: 1.156, 4.251; P = 0.001). Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring women with high BMI or those who used insulin during pregnancy for postpartum glucose intolerance. These factors should be considered in strategies aimed at preventing the progression to type 2 diabetes.