Evaluation of the efficacy of vitamin D combined with aspirin and immunoglobulin in treating children with the acute Kawasaki disease

The acute Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a pediatric condition that can cause significant cardiovascular damage, particularly affecting the coronary arteries. Recent research suggests that vitamin D regulates the immune responses and inflammation, potentially improving outcomes in KD. A randomized control trial involving 120 children aged 1-5 years assigned participants to either a treatment group (receiving intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG], aspirin, and vitamin D; n=60) or a control group (receiving IVIG and aspirin only; n=60). Clinical symptoms, blood routine indices, and serum inflammatory markers (IL-1?, IL-6, and TNF-?) were assessed before and after treatment. Compared to the control group, the treatment group exhibited significantly faster fever resolution (antipyretic time: 27.2±1.3 hours vs. 50.4±2.4 hours in the control group, p < 0.001), lower incidence of IVIG adverse reactions (19 cases vs. 8 cases in the control group, p = 0.031), and reduced levels of inflammatory markers (WBC, CRP, ESR and platelet count). Additionally, the treatment group had lower post-treatment levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1?, IL-6, and TNF-?). These findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may modulate the immune response and improve clinical outcomes in children with KD.