Antihyperlipidemic efficiency of extracts from different parts of the Sidr plant (Ziziphus spina-christi) and compare to rosuvastatin on induced hyperlipidemic rat models

The current work aims to study the anti-hyperlipidemic effectiveness of the ethanolic extracts from various parts of Ziziphus spina-christi (Sidr) plant; seed (SSF), pulp (SPF) and leaf (SLF) against rosuvastatin (ROF), 10 mg/kg) in rats induced with hyperlipidemia via a (10-week) high-fat diet. Several biochemical, hematological and physiological parameters were determined. The SSF verified greater effectiveness, mainly enhancing liver and kidney functions in particular; it reduced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels to 29.16 U/L (vs. 35.89 in SLF and 29.14 in control) and considerably improved kidney functions by reducing urea and creatinine levels to 1.84 mmol/L and 119.83 µmol/L, respectively. Lipid profile with the SSF group was comparable to the rosuvastatin group. Additionally, SSF group ameliorated the hematological alterations and decreased hyperlipidemia-induced organ damage more than the other extracts. In conclusion, the seed extract was the most efficient part, as it established the most positive function biomarkers, such as ALT activity, urea and creatinine, sustaining its potential for more preclinical and clinical developments.