Differential expression analysis of serum exosome miRNAs in acral melanocytic tumor

Background: Acral melanocytic tumors are a common cutaneous neoplasm with malignant potential. Early and non-invasive biomarkers for identifying malignant transformation remain lacking. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown great potential as stable diagnostic indicators in various cancers. Objectives: To explore the differential expression and clinical significance of serum exosomal miRNAs in patients with acral melanocytic tumors. Methods: Exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot. MiRNA sequencing was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs. Target genes were predicted and analyzed using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Results: A total of 69 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, of which 14 were up-regulated and 55 down-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis showed that target genes were mainly enriched in cancer-related pathways and the MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion: Acral melanocytic tumor?related miRNAs are stably present in serum exosomes and may serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection and auxiliary diagnosis of acral melanoma.