Curcumin nanoparticles combined with narlumosbart regulate wingless-type MMTV integration site (wnt)/?-catenin signaling pathway in osteoblast-like cells

Background: Narlumosbart is a key agent for modulating bone cell function. Given the potential of curcumin nanoparticles to inhibit cell growth when applied alone. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the role of their combination with narlumosbart in bone trauma repair and cell cycle regulation. Methods: Curcumin nanoparticles were fabricated and applied in combination with narlumosbart to treat MC3T3-E1 cells. The effects of this combination on osteoblast differentiation and proliferation were then assessed through immunofluorescence, protein expression analysis and ALP activity assays. Results: The combined use of curcumin nanoparticles and narlumosbart at 4 µM significantly enhanced inhibitory activity, indicating a synergistic therapeutic effect. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed a marked increase in ?-catenin expression and activation of the Wnt/?-catenin signaling pathway in the combination group. In contrast, while ALP staining confirmed elevated ALP activity, immunofluorescence detection showed no significant change in cell proliferation. Conclusion: Loaded within narlumosbart, curcumin nanoparticles can precisely modulate the Wnt/?-catenin pathway. This process specifically induces osteogenic differentiation without impacting proliferation, thereby directing cellular processes towards bone formation.